ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE PATTERN IN THE SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTER WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA AT RSIA.ST.FATIMAH MAKASSAR
TROUGHOUT 1 JANUARY-31 DECEMBER 2008

AY Amiruddin, MT Chalid

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University
ABSTRACT
Objective : To evaluate the association of blood pressure pattern in the second and third trimester with the occurrence of severe preeclampsia, its complication and birth weight.

Method : Case-control study.  Samples were obtained from secondary data of Ante Natal Care (ANC) patients in the 2nd and 3rd trimester, at RSIA Fatimah Makassar throughout 1 January 2008 – 31 December 2008.  Case was defined as  a patient which outcome birth diagnosed as severe preeclampsia, while control was normal pregnancy of the same day visit.  The variables studied were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP), mother age, parity, complication of  severe preeclampsia, and birth outcome, which analyzed by the t-test and Fisher’s Exact test.

Result : Forty three cases and 45 controls meet the study criteria. Change of diastolic blood pressure and MAP of 2nd and 3rd trimester have significant differences (p<0,05) between severe preeclampsia and normal groups.  Increase of diastolic blood pressure throughout 2nd and 3rd trimester have the risk of preeclampsia (p = 0.000; OR = 6.45, CI 95 %, 2.274 – 18.276), increase of MAP > 16.64 mmHg have the risk of severe preeclampsia (p=0.000; OR = 46.2, CI 95 % 11.76 – 181.52). There is no association between increase of MAP throughout 2nd and 3rd trimester with the complication of severe preeclampsia (p > 0.05), but associate with  low birth weight (p=0,019)

Conclusion : Increase of diastolic blood pressure and MAP throughout 2nd and 3rd trimester have higher risk of severe preeclampsia. Increase of MAP associate with low birth weight.

Keywords : Preeclampsia, blood pressure pattern, Mean Arterial Pressure